We better take into account that nature isn't really natural any more. After ten thousand years of the Holocene, where conditions stayed remarkably static, they've now become--dynamic is too nice a word. Careening. So: warm air holds more water vapor than cold--better design for a world where you get much greater flows of water, except when you get record drought. Fire spreads to places we haven't seen before, and crackles on for months past the old normal. That ocean over there is not staying put. And so on. And it won't stop. The new nature is constantly destabilizing as temperatures climb--so a kind of hyper flexibility is necessary. Design therefore for hardiness above all. For hunkering down. If the old world rewarded racehorses, sleek and fragile, the new one will treasure draft horses, plodding but reliable.

Founder, 350.org
Schumann Distinguished Scholar
Middlebury College

350.org, Middlebury College updated McKibben